Great accomplishments of wisdom sprout out of small ideas. Many a significant invention and postulation of mathematical or scientific hypothesis did not come out as popular truths but rather as small concepts and just progressed increasingly to fame through the support and concurrence of notable personalities and institutions. The following sages of the earlier stages of our history exemplify this fact.

Hippocrates is a physician of olden Greece and is known as the father of modern medicine. His principles of medical science formed the basis for modern medical theory developed in the 1800’s. Hippocrates instituted medical theory on sound, systematic principles. He alleged that ailments had only natural origins, not mystical ones. Moreover, Hippocrates regarded the human body as a whole organism. He treated patients in what we would term a holistic method – with appropriate diet, fresh air, and attention to habits and lifestyle.

Aristotle was one of the major thinkers of the olden world. Aristotle was intensely involved in the philosophy of nature, devoting much reflection to the relationship between form and matter and the nature of change. Another vital area of thinking for Aristotle was the nature of knowledge itself. Other than his philosophic study, Aristotle accumulated a great deal of notes about the physical world, particularly of living things. He studied the composition of plants and animals and examined the behavior of animals. He also categorized living things in groups according to their analogous traits rather than their utility to humans.

Archimedes is a great mathematician, physicist and inventor of the olden Greek world who made profound contributions to several mathematical and scientific subjects. Archimedes tried to describe the system he used to arrive at useful mathematical values, such as the relationship relating the volume and surface area of a sphere. He had hoped that other scholars would use his approach to make additional findings. Most of Archimedes’ writings illustrate the conscientious methodology he used to create scientific and mathematical theories. Archimedes also made primary discoveries in hydrostatics, a branch of physics that deals with fluids. Archimedes formulated a principle of buoyancy, or seeming loss in weight experienced by a body when placed in a liquid. Archimedes also refined the value of pi, which is used to calculate several dimensions of circles and spheres.

Galen is an influential physician of olden Rome who is frequently dubbed as the father of experimental physiology. Galen merited this name because he cut up countless animals and drew medical conclusions that are relevant to human beings. During the middle ages, Galen was considered one of the foremost medical specialists. Galen understood that the Barbary ape, a monkey from Africa, was parallel in some ways to human beings. Since the Roman laws of his time precluded Galen from slicing up humans, he argued that he could learn much about the human body by slicing up monkeys.

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